polars-baseball

Languages: English | Traditional Chinese

polars-baseball is The unified Polars-native baseball data SDK: a typed, async-first Python library for retrieving MLB and baseball analytics data from Statcast, Baseball Savant, FanGraphs, Baseball Reference, Lahman, Retrosheet, and the MLB Stats API.

If you searched for python baseball data, python statcast, fangraphs python, baseball savant api, pybaseball alternative, or polars dataframe baseball, this project is built for the workflow where data should land directly in polars.DataFrame instead of going through pandas first.

Why use polars-baseball instead of pybaseball?

pybaseball is useful and established. polars-baseball is aimed at a different execution model: async data ingestion, native Polars output, and one consistent entry point across multiple baseball data providers.

Feature	pybaseball	polars-baseball
Polars native	No	Yes
Async data fetching	No	Yes
Statcast / Baseball Savant	Yes	Yes
FanGraphs	Yes	Yes
MLB Stats API	Limited	Yes
Lahman / Retrosheet workflows	Partial	Yes
Built-in cache	Partial	Yes
Typed public API	Partial	Yes

Typical pandas-first workflow:

pybaseball -> pandas -> convert to Polars -> analysis

polars-baseball workflow:

polars-baseball -> Polars -> analysis

Key Features

• Polars-native data: Public data-fetching APIs return polars.DataFrame unless an API reference explicitly documents a non-tabular contract.
• Async-first engine: Data-fetching APIs are async def and can be composed with your own async workflows.
• Multiple providers: Statcast, Baseball Savant, FanGraphs, Baseball Reference, Lahman, Retrosheet, MLB Stats API, and player ID workflows.
• Opt-in file cache: Large workflows can cache repeated network requests as Parquet files.
• Service-ready context: BaseballContext lets long-running apps control HTTP and cache resources explicitly.
• Explicit HTTP policy: HttpClient exposes timeout, retry, and BRef rate-limit settings.

Installation

pip install polars-baseball

For local development:

git clone https://github.com/nicko4o/polars-baseball
cd polars-baseball
uv sync --all-extras

To run visualization examples:

pip install "polars-baseball[plot]"

Quick Start

Statcast pitch-level data

import asyncio

import polars_baseball as pb


async def main() -> None:
    df = await pb.statcast(start_date="2026-06-01", end_date="2026-06-01")
    print(df.head(5))


if __name__ == "__main__":
    asyncio.run(main())

Aggregate directly with Polars

import asyncio

import polars as pl
import polars_baseball as pb


async def main() -> None:
    df = await pb.statcast_pitcher(
        start_date="2026-06-01",
        end_date="2026-06-01",
        # Use pb.playerid_lookup("Judge", "Aaron") to find player IDs
        player_id=506433,
    )
    summary = df.group_by("pitch_type").agg(
        pl.col("release_speed").mean().alias("mean_speed"),
        pl.len().alias("pitch_count"),
    )
    print(summary.sort("pitch_count", descending=True))


if __name__ == "__main__":
    asyncio.run(main())

FanGraphs leaderboard

import asyncio

import polars_baseball as pb


async def main() -> None:
    df = await pb.fangraphs.batting(
        start_season=2026,
        end_season=2026,
        qual=100,
        max_results=20,
    )
    print(df.head(10))


if __name__ == "__main__":
    asyncio.run(main())

Examples

Scripts (CLI-ready)

Runnable .py examples live in examples/:

• examples/statcast_pitch_mix.py: Statcast pitch mix with Polars.
• examples/fangraphs_leaderboard.py: FanGraphs batting leaderboard.
• examples/mlb_schedule.py: MLB Stats API schedule query.

Notebooks (interactive)

Interactive Jupyter notebooks live in notebooks/:

• notebooks/statcast_pitch_mix_demo.ipynb: Statcast pitch mix, velocity leaders, batted-ball outcomes.
• notebooks/fangraphs_leaderboard_demo.ipynb: FanGraphs batting leaderboard with sabermetric filters.
• notebooks/mlb_schedule_demo.ipynb: MLB schedule, standings, rosters, and team metadata.

Benchmarking

Do not trust performance claims without a reproducible command:

python -m benchmarks run statcast_1week

List available profiles:

python -m benchmarks run list

Full command reference:

python -m benchmarks run <profile> [--json] [--json-file PATH] [--baseline] [--fail-if-regression]
python -m benchmarks baseline show
python -m benchmarks baseline clear

The runner reports wall time, CPU time, peak Python memory (via tracemalloc), GC collections, and result shape. Use the --baseline flag to save results and compare against historical data. Use the same date range, cache state, Python version, and machine when comparing against pandas-first workflows.

Web Services & Concurrency

Calling package functions without context uses the implicit package-level BaseballContext. That default context is convenient for scripts and does not write cache files unless configure_cache() has been called. Long-running concurrent services should manage their own context and pass it into every API call.

from contextlib import asynccontextmanager

from fastapi import FastAPI

import polars_baseball as pb


@asynccontextmanager
async def lifespan(app: FastAPI):
    async with pb.BaseballContext() as context:
        app.state.pb_context = context
        yield


app = FastAPI(lifespan=lifespan)


@app.get("/statcast")
async def get_statcast() -> dict[str, int]:
    df = await pb.statcast(
        start_date="2026-06-01",
        end_date="2026-06-02",
        context=app.state.pb_context,
    )
    return {"rows": df.height}

API Namespace Policy

The package root (import polars_baseball as pb) exposes core convenience APIs and provider namespaces. Use pb.fangraphs, pb.savant, and pb.mlb for provider-specific workflows. Lahman, Retrosheet, Baseball Reference, and player ID workflows remain available from the package root.

Typed enums such as Position, MlbStatsGroup, MlbRosterType, FangraphsStatsCategory, FangraphsMonth, FangraphsLeague, FangraphsPositions, and FangraphsStatColumn are exported from the package root for use in typed parameters.

Modules prefixed with _, including _schemas, are internal implementation details and are not part of the compatibility contract.

Documentation & Resources

• Official Documentation Portal
• API Use-Case Index: Choose the right API by task.
• Maintaining Guide: Package publishing and maintenance steps.

Showcase

Projects using polars-baseball:

• MLB dashboard workflows
• Chinese baseball website data jobs
• Threads bot baseball data pipelines

Community & Governance

We welcome contributions! Please review our repository policies before submitting PRs or issues:

• Contributing Guidelines (Includes AI-Assisted Contribution Policy)
• Code of Conduct
• Security Policy

Data Attribution & Copyright Notices

polars-baseball is a data retrieval library and does not claim ownership of upstream datasets:

• Retrosheet: The information used here was obtained free of charge from and is copyrighted by Retrosheet. Interested parties may contact Retrosheet at www.retrosheet.org.
• Statcast & MLB Stats API: Data provided courtesy of Major League Baseball / Baseball Savant.
• FanGraphs & Baseball Reference: Data provided courtesy of FanGraphs and Baseball Reference. Please respect upstream terms of service and rate limits.
• Lahman: Lahman's Baseball Database by Sean Lahman.

Citation

If you use polars-baseball in research, academic work, or software projects, please cite it using CITATION.cff.

Author

Created and maintained by Nick.

License

This project is licensed under the MIT License.